2024湖北成人學位外語考試沖刺練習題（含答案解析）

　　第1卷(選擇題，共70分)

　　注意事項：

　　1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自已的姓名和準考證號用黑色簽字筆填寫在試卷和答題卡指定位置。

　　2.每小題選出答案后，用28鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。答在試卷上無效。

　　3.考試結(jié)束時，考生將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

　　Part I Vocabulary and Structure(20 points)

　　Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A,B,C, and D.Choose the One answer that best completes the sentence.Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.

　　1. (　　)means the property of having two levels of structures, such that units of the primary level are composed of elements of the secondary level and each of the two levels has its own principles of organization.

　　A. Creativity

　　B. Duality

　　C. Arbitrariness

　　D. Displacement

　　2. (　　)distinguishes the linguistic competence of the speaker and the actual phenomena or data of linguistics as langue and parole.

　　A. Chomsky

　　B. Saussure

　　C. Gilman

　　D. Brown

　　3. (　　)is the study of the characteristics of language varieties, the characteristics of their functions and the characteristics of their speakers as these three constantly interact and change within a speech community.

　　A. Psycholinguistics

　　B. Sociolinguistics

　　C.Anthropological linguistics

　　D.Computational linguistics

　　4.The words such as "smog" and "brunch" are called (　　).

　　A. abbreviation

　　B. acronym

　　C. back-formation

　　D. blending

　　5.For example, the word" bead" originally means "prayer", but later it refers to "the prayer bead", and finally "small, ball-shaped piece of glass, metal or wood" .It is called (　　).

　　A.meaning shift

　　B.broadening

　　C.narrowing

　　D.borrowing

　　6. (　　)there is fresh air, there is oxygen.

　　A. Wherever

　　B.Whenever

　　C. Unless

　　D.Whether

　　7.The factory operated (　　)until the order was filled.

　　A.at times

　　B.to the minute

　　C.day by day

　　D.around the clock

　　8.After working for the firm for ten years, he finally (　　)the rank of deputy director.

　　A. achieved

　　B. approached

　　C. attained

　　D. acquired

　　9.If we (　　)our test tomorrow, I would have gone to the concert.

　　A.weren't to have

　　B.hadn't been to have

　　C.aren't to have

　　D.hadn't had

　　10.Which of the following italicized parts is a subject clause?

　　A.We are quite certain that we will get there in time.

　　B.He has to face the fact that there will be no pay rise this year.

　　C.She said that she had seen the man earlier that morning.

　　D.It's sheer luck that the miners are still alive after ten days.

　　11. (　　)you said is true, there are still other factors to be considered.

　　A.Supposed that what

　　B.Supposing what that

　　C.Granted that what

　　D.Considered what that

　　12.The storm sweeping over this area now is sure to cause (　　)of vegetables in the coming days.

　　A. rarity

　　B. scarcity

　　C. invalidity

　　D. variety

　　13.To the scientists' delight, their efforts have increased people's (　　)of the importance of saving water.

　　A. awareness

　　B. commitment

　　C. agreement

　　D. response

　　14.The word "chronology" contains (　　)morphemes.

　　A.4

　　B.3

　　C.2

　　D.5

　　15.Judging from her speeches and behaviors Marry has a strict (　　).

　　A. growth

　　B. upbringing

　　C. development

　　D. cultivation

　　16. (　　)your valuable help, we couldn't have finished the experiment ahead of time.

　　A.If it were not for

　　B.Had it not been for

　　C.Were it not for

　　D.If it has not been for

　　17. It was with great joy (　　)he knew that his GMAT score as 670, high enough to apply to a top university of business.

　　A.when

　　B.with

　　C.what

　　D.that

　　18.You can sleep on the couch in the lounge, (　　)you can go to a hotel nearby.

　　A. and

　　B. then

　　C. or

　　D. but

　　19.I'd rather you (　　)make any comment on the issue for the time being.

　　A. don't

　　B. wouldn't

　　C. didn't

　　D. shouldn't

　　20.The river is (　　)that one.

　　A.as three times long as

　　B.the third time as

　　C.three times the length of

　　D.three times longer as

　　答案：Part I

　　1.B【解析】Duality(二重性)指語言擁有兩層結(jié)構(gòu)的這種特性，底層結(jié)構(gòu)是上層結(jié)構(gòu)的組成成分.且每層都有自身的組合規(guī)則。A為創(chuàng)造性，C為任意性，D為移位性。

　　2.B【解析】Saussure(索緒爾)將說話者的語言能力和語言的實際現(xiàn)象或語料區(qū)分為語言和言語。chomsky主要研究生成語言學，而Gilman和Brown都是社會語言學家。

　　3.B【解析】Sociolinguistics(社會語言學)包括語言的社會功能和語言使用者的社會特征，它研究語言變體的特征、它們的功能特征、講話者的特征以及這三者如何在言語團體中持續(xù)地相互作用和變化。A為心理語言學，C為人類語言學，D為計算機語言學。

　　4.D【解析】smog是由smoke的前半部分和fog的后半部分混合在一起構(gòu)成的，brunch是由breakfast和lunch混合在一起構(gòu)成的，這種構(gòu)詞法叫blending(混拼詞)。abbreviation指縮寫詞，acronym指首字母縮寫詞，back—formation指逆構(gòu)詞.都不符合題意。

　　5.A【解析】bead從最初的含義“祈禱”轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)椤澳钪椤?，到后來的“水珠、鋼珠”，詞義已不同于最初的含義，屬于meaning shift(詞義轉(zhuǎn)移)。而B指詞義擴大，C指詞義縮小，D指借詞，都不符合題意。

　　6.A【解析】本題考查復(fù)合句中的地點狀語從句。本句的意思是：凡是有空氣的地方，就有氧氣。這里wherever表示無論哪里的意思，其他選項都不符合邏輯。

　　7.D【解析】本句的意思是：工廠晝夜不停地工作，直到把訂的貨物趕出來為止。at times“有時”;to the minute“恰好，一分不差”：day by day“一天天”;around the clock“晝夜不停地”。

　　8.C【解析】本句的意思是：在這個公司工作了十年之后，他終于獲得了部門主管的職位。achieve“成就”;approach“接近”;attain“(通常指經(jīng)過努力)獲得，達到”;acquire“學到，取到”。故選C。

　　9.A【解析】本題考查虛擬語氣。本句的意思是：如果我們明天沒有考試的話，我們就去參加音樂會了。此處If引導(dǎo)的從句中是對將來的事實相反.固定的語法結(jié)構(gòu)框架是if加上were to do形式，因此只有A項為正確答案。

　　10.D【解析】此題考查的是主語從句，A項是一個表語從句，是一個主系表的結(jié)構(gòu);B項是一個同位語從句，that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句補充說明先行詞的內(nèi)容;C項是一個賓語從句，that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句作謂語動詞said的賓語;只有D項是一個主語從句.it是一個形式主語，真正的主語是后面的that從句部分。

　　11.C【解析】本句的意思是：假設(shè)你說的是真的，還有其他的因素需要考慮。這里9rantedthat是一個固定搭配，表示“假定，即使”，what需要作said的賓語。B和D兩項不符合語法，先排除，A項應(yīng)該是supposing，所以也不正確。

　　12.B【解析】本題考查名詞辨析。scarcity“缺乏，不足”;rarity“奇事，珍品，奇物，稀少”(強調(diào)稀有，罕見);invalidity“無效”：variety“變化，多樣性”。

　　13.A【解析】本句的意思是：讓科學家高興的是，他們的努力增加了人們的節(jié)約用水的(　　)。awareness“意識”;commitment“承諾”;agreement“合同，同意”;response“回應(yīng)”。根據(jù)題意，只有A項符合邏輯。因此正確答案為A。

　　14.C【解析】Chronology可以拆分成兩個黏著詞素，為chron.和-ology，因此答案為C。

　　15.B【解析】本句的意思是：從她的言行舉止來看，她有一個嚴格的(　　)。growth“成長，生長”;upbringing“家教，教養(yǎng)”;development“發(fā)展”;cultivate“培養(yǎng)”。根據(jù)語義，正確答案應(yīng)為B。行為舉止反應(yīng)一個人的教養(yǎng)。

　　16.B【解析】本題是與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣，如果省略if，句子要倒裝，倒裝時要將助動詞提前，因此正確答案為B。

　　17.D【解析】本題是一個強調(diào)句型——“it was…that…”結(jié)構(gòu)，因此正確答案為D。

　　18.C【解析】根據(jù)句意，你可以睡在大廳的沙發(fā)上，你也可以去附近的旅館。能夠表達這種選擇關(guān)系的連詞只能是or。因此正確答案為C。

　　19.C【解析】本句的意思是：我希望你暫時不要對這個問題做任何評論。在would/had rather引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中，從句要用過去時表示對現(xiàn)在或?qū)砬闆r的虛擬，用過去完成時表示對過去情況的虛擬。本題中表示對現(xiàn)在情況的虛擬，故用過去時。

　　20.C【解析】本句的意思是：這條河是那條河的三倍長。常見的倍數(shù)表達法有：倍數(shù)+比較級+than;倍數(shù)+the size/weight/height/length+of;倍數(shù)+as lon9/old/high/heavy…+as等。C項表達正確。